Clomid
Clomid, also called clomiphene citrate, is a non-steroidal fertility medication that helps trigger ovulation. It works by causing the pituitary gland to release hormones that stimulate the ovaries to produce and release eggs. Clomid is commonly used to treat infertility in women with conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome that prevent natural ovulation.
Uses of Clomid:
- Helps women who have trouble ovulating to increase the chances of pregnancy.
- Treats infertility caused by conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome.
- Stimulates the ovaries to produce and release eggs.
- Can be used for other conditions as prescribed by a healthcare provider.
Scientific name | Clomiphene, Chloramifene |
Pregnancy category | AU: B3 |
Bioavailability | High |
Routes of administration | By mouth |
Who Should Take Clomid?
Clomid is often prescribed to women who have trouble ovulating, particularly those with conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PCOS can cause irregular or absent ovulation, making Clomid a common treatment option for improving fertility.
However, Clomid may not be effective for everyone. Women with conditions like primary ovarian insufficiency, early menopause, or low body weight (which can cause absent ovulation) might not respond well to Clomid. These women may need more intensive fertility treatments or may need to use donated eggs.
Who Should Not Take Clomid?
You should not take Clomid if you:
- Are allergic to clomiphene.
- Have abnormal vaginal bleeding that hasn’t been properly evaluated.
- Have an ovarian cyst not related to PCOS.
- Have liver disease (current or past).
- Have a tumor in your pituitary gland.
- Have untreated or uncontrolled thyroid or adrenal issues.
- Are pregnant.
Important Considerations
- Breastfeeding: Clomid can pass into breast milk and may harm a nursing baby. It may also reduce breast milk production in some women. Talk to your doctor if you are breastfeeding.
- Long-Term Use Risks: Using Clomid for more than three treatment cycles may increase the risk of ovarian tumors. Consult your doctor about your specific risks.
- Multiple Births: Clomid may raise the chances of having twins or triplets, which are considered higher-risk pregnancies. Speak to your doctor about this possibility if concerned.
Clomid Side Effects

Clomid is generally safe, but some side effects may occur. It’s important to know when to seek help and recognize common reactions.
Emergency Signs of Allergic Reactions
Get emergency medical help if you experience:
- Hives
- Difficulty breathing
- Swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat
Serious Side Effects
Some women using Clomid may develop a condition called Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS), which can be life-threatening. Contact your doctor right away if you notice symptoms like:
- Stomach pain or bloating
- Nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea
- Rapid weight gain, especially in the upper part
- Little or no urinating
- Pain when breathing, rapid heart rate, or shortness of breath (especially when lying down)
You should also stop taking Clomid and call your doctor immediately if you experience:
- Pelvic pain, pressure, or enlargement
- Vision problems, such as seeing flashes of light or floaters
- Increased sensitivity to light
- Heavy vaginal bleeding
Common Side Effects
The most common side effects of Clomid include:
- Hot flashes or warmth and redness (flushing)
- Breast pain or tenderness
- Headaches
- Breakthrough bleeding or spotting
- Bloating and nausea
- Mood changes
Though these are usually mild, if any side effect becomes severe, contact your doctor.
Dosage guidelines
Clomid is usually prescribed at a starting dose of 50 mg, taken once a day for 5 days. Treatment typically begins on or near the 5th day of the menstrual cycle, though it can start at any time for women without recent uterine bleeding. If ovulation occurs but pregnancy is not achieved, up to two more courses of 50 mg per day may be given. These additional treatments should begin 30 days after the previous course, and only after confirming the patient is not pregnant.
If ovulation does not occur after the first cycle, the dose may be increased to 100 mg per day for 5 days. A third course of 100 mg may be given after 30 days if needed. However, the manufacturer advises against more than three cycles or increasing the dosage beyond 100 mg per day. Although some women have had successful pregnancies with higher doses or extended treatment, these approaches carry higher risks. Clomid is often preferred over injectable fertility drugs because it is easier to take and allows for more precise monitoring of dosage.
Conclusion
Clomid is a common fertility medication used to help women with ovulation problems, particularly those with conditions like PCOS. It stimulates the ovaries to release eggs and can increase the chances of pregnancy. Clomid is generally safe, but it has some risks, including multiple births, ovarian tumors with long-term use, and side effects like hot flashes and headaches. It’s important to follow the prescribed dosage and consult your doctor about any concerns. While it may not work for everyone, Clomid is often the first step in fertility treatment due to its simplicity and effectiveness.
FAQs
Does Clomid cause twins?
Clomid works by boosting two hormones, LH and FSH, which help stimulate ovulation. This can often result in more than one egg being discharged, increasing the likelihood of conceiving twins. The likelihood of conceiving twins while on Clomid is estimated to be around 6% to 12%.
Are Clomid babies normal?
Many studies have shown that babies conceived with Clomid develop normally. These children typically grow and reach milestones just like other children, with no significant differences in their health or development.
Is Clomid safe?
Clomid, also known as clomiphene or Serophene, is one of the most commonly prescribed fertility medications for women who have trouble ovulating. It is generally considered safe and effective, with the benefits usually outweighing any potential risks. However, as with any medication, it’s important to use Clomid under the guidance of a doctor.